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Surface Treatment
Advanced Coating Technologies in Glass Processing
01. Anti-Fingerprint (AF) Coating
Core Value: Creating an oleophobic and hydrophobic barrier that resists oils and moisture, ensuring screens stay pristine and are effortless to clean.
Mechanism:A permanent nano-scale top layer (fluorinated or silicone-based) is applied via vacuum deposition, spray, or dip coating to chemically lower surface energy.
Key Technical Parameters:
◦ Water Contact Angle (WCA): ≥110° (Premium coatings reach 115°+).
◦ Oil Contact Angle (OCA): ≥70° (Tested with hexadecane).
◦ Coefficient of Friction (CoF): 0.05 to 0.15 (Delivers a "silky" tactile feel).
◦ Abrasion Resistance: Survival of 1,000+ steel wool cycles with minimal loss of hydrophobicity.
Primary Applications:Smartphone cover glass, automotive infotainment displays, and high-end touch appliances.
02. Anti-Reflective (AR) Coating
Core Value:Maximizing light transmission and neutralizing surface reflections through destructive optical interference.
Mechanism:Multiple layers of metal oxide thin films (e.g., SiO₂, TiO₂, Nb₂O₅) are deposited via magnetron sputtering with precise control over refractive indices and thickness.
Typical Technical Parameters:
◦ Reflectance: Reduced to < 1.5% (single side coated) and as low as < 0.5% for double side coated glass.
◦ Total Light Transmission: Increases from ~91% (uncoated) to > 98%.
◦ Environmental Durability: Adhesion rated at 5B (ASTM D3359); high resistance to humidity and chemical exposure.
Primary Applications:High-end display covers, camera lenses, optical sensors, photovoltaic module cover glass, and museum display cases.
03. Anti-Glare (AG) Coating / Treatment
Core Value:Diffusing reflected light to eliminate "hot spots" (glare), thereby reducing eye strain and improving readability in bright environments.
Mechanism:Achieved through Chemical Etching (creating micro-roughness on the glass surface) or Wet Coating (suspending light-scattering particles in a film).
Typical Technical Parameters:
◦ Haze Value: Ranges from 10% (Low Haze) for clarity to >50% (High Haze) for maximum diffusion.
◦ Gloss Level (60° measurement): Reduced from ~100 GU to as low as 10-30 GU for a matte finish.
◦ Surface Roughness (Ra): Typically in the range of 0.1 μm to 0.5 μm for etched surfaces.
Primary Applications:Computer monitors, industrial control panels, automotive dashboard displays, framing glass for artwork, and touch screens used in bright ambient light.
04. Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) Coating
Core Value:The industry standard for achieving high optical transparency combined with excellent electrical conductivity.
Mechanism: A thin film of ITO is deposited primarily via DC or RF magnetron sputtering, creating a transparent conductive electrode.
Typical Technical Parameters:
◦ Sheet Resistance (Rs): Ranges from 5 Ω/sq (high current) to 300 Ω/sq (standard sensors).
◦ Visible Light Transmittance (VLT): Typically > 85% (including glass substrate).
◦ Surface Roughness: Ultra-smooth, with Ra < 5 nm to ensure integrity in multilayer electronic stacks.
◦ Etchability: Highly compatible with photolithography for fine-circuit patterning.
Primary Applications:Capacitive touch sensors (phones, tablets, displays), transparent heating elements (defrosting windows), EMI shielding, and as electrodes in LCD/OLED displays and thin-film solar cells.
05. Mirror Coating
Core Value: Engineered reflectivity for both aesthetic and high-precision functional requirements.
Mechanism:Deposition of metallic layers (Aluminum, Silver, or Chromium) via thermal evaporation or sputtering, often protected by dielectric overcoats.
Typical Technical Parameters:
Standard Aluminum (Al): 86% - 92%.
◦ Enhanced Silver (Ag): > 95% (requires protective dielectric overcoats, e.g., Nb₂O₅/NiCr/Ag/NiCr/ITO structure).
◦ Durability:Humidity resistance > 240 hours at 40°C, 95% RH without degradation.
◦ Neutral Salt Spray (ASTM B117): Resists > 48 hours for protected coatings.
◦ Functional Integration:Can be combined with ITO for heated, self-defogging mirrors.
Primary Applications: Architectural design, automotive rear-view mirrors, beam splitters, and high-performance lighting reflectors.
